Post by mughal on May 12, 2012 19:14:42 GMT 3
Tarkhan Mughals (ترخان مغل) ( in Persian, Tarkhai Mughuli [1] تركهاى مغولى) were those Turko-Mongol people who were aristocrats of the steppe; Princes, Commanders and Generals who ruled and served the Turko-Mongol states and had ancestral origin from Turko-Mongol dynasties especially descendants of Genghis Khan. Turko-Mongols are mainly the descendants of those Turks who were ruled over by the Mongols speaking mostly Turkic languages; they derived their ethnic and cultural origins from both groups. "Turko-Mongol" is used to describe the people of Mongol khanate; Ilkhanate; Chagatai Khanate and Golden Horde and sometimes also describe successor Khanates; such as the Khanate of Kazan, the Nogi, Crimean Khanate; Astrakhan Khanate; Empire of Timurid Empire of India; Arghun and Tarkhan Dynasty of Sind Pakistan.
The Turkic people are a collection of peoples residing in Northern, Central, and Western Eurasia who speak languages belongs to Turkic language family. The term Tarkhan, Turkic represent a broad ethno-linguistic group of people and includes existing societies such as the Kazakhs; Uzbeks; Karghaiz; Uyghur; Turkmen and as well as the historian societies such as Xiongnu/Huns; Gokturk (Turkut people); Khazars; Seljuks; Kepchaks; Ottomans and Timurids. Tarkhan (Tarkhaan or Tarqan) is an ancient Turkic title, apparently related to Khan. It was used among the Turks, Mongols and other steppe people, and was a high rank in the army of Tamerlain. Tarkhan commandered military contingents (roughly of regimantal size under the Khazar Khan) and were roughly generals. They could also be assigned a military governors of conquered regions. Arab text referred to a Tarkhan the King of Khazars. The name is occasionally used today in Arabic speaking countries Tarakhaan (طراخان), in Persian it also written as Tarkhan (ترخان).
Tarkhan is a old Turkic word means Chief or Prince. It is an ancient term for General; Commander and Minister. Tarkhan is a Turkish title for Nobleman or Prince; means a privileged class who are exempt from taxes. The rank and dignity of Tarkhans was a part of Mongol military(4 Barthold W-Turkistan P 184-5 Ain vol 1-P 392).[2] Tarkhan can commit up to nine offenses without being called to account.[3] The meaning of the Tarkhan is; the person so called is secure and safe from all trouble and annoyance, in every place in which he serves whatever booty he may take his own, and he is not deprived of it; he can enter the place of audience of his sovereign without being summoned and without first asking permission and he can commit nine offenses.[4] As for Genghis Khan, some say that he was not a pure Mongol blood. They talk about his cat eyes or Gerfalcon eyes (probably grey), his tall stature(Mongols are generally small and short legs) his long beard(very rare for Mongol) and last but not least, his red hair. We already mentioned that he knew to reward those who had served his faithfully. He buried with honors and riches those of his officers who had showed bravery or efficiency, one of the highest awards was to be promoted to the rank of “Tarkhan”, the means to win over the respect and favorable disposition of a crowd or quite similar every where.[5]
Tarkhan is a Turko-Mongol title like others titles; Khan; Khatun; IlKhan; Amir; Mirza; Beg; Khagan; yabghu; Tegin; Shad; Baghatur. Tarkhan is a title of Turko- Mongol ( Hunnic, Gokturk, Khazar, Uyghur) Rulers. The prominent Turkic Rulers were,Tama-Tarkhan, Ras Tarkhan, Alp Tarkhan, Hazer Tarkhan, Qutlugh Tarkhan Sengun, Tun Bagha Tarkhan etc.. The term Tarkhan was a Mongolic Title conferred by the Tarkhan Chief enjoyed power and privilege next to the great Mongol Khan.[6] Originally, Tarkhan was a term Applied to Mongol nobles.[7] Tarkhan is a Turko-Mongol Tribe. Amir Timur in his Institutes, enumerates twelve of forty Tribes which had submitted to his Government; Barlas, Tarkhan, Arghun, Jalair etc.[8] The title was originally a hereditary one; Chengiz Khan conferred it on the Qishliq and Bata, under Timur, a Tarkhan had free access to the Palace and criminal immunity for himself and his children up to nine offenses.[9]
The Qishliq Tribe was derived from the Kalkits tribe, sprung from Urma-uts Tribe. Kalkits was the third son of Menglig, surname Izka, for his piety and virtue, was of this (Urma-uts) Tribe married the widow Ulun-iga, mother of Temujin. The (Hishlig) who with his brother, Baydu saved the life of Genghis Khan, made them and their decedents, Darkhan from nine generation, free from all sorts of Taxes. The descendants of the Two persons, Hishlig and Badai to were the progenitors of two tribes, styled respectively Badai Darkhan and Qishliq Darkhans [4] So, it is proved that the Tarkhan is a family of Genghis Khan. A follower of Temurs, Ghiyath-al-Din Tarkhans Ancestor Hishiliq (qishliq), had been made a Darkhan by Genghis Khan, and had later been among Chaghadais Amirs. This honor had descended in his family and let them consider prestige. Three of Ghiyath-al-Din daughters married sons or grandsons of Temur, one of them was Gawharshad, Shahrukhs powerful and influential wife. She was conspicuous in public dynasty occasion and as a Patron of architecture. She was an integral part of Shahrukh's closest circle and seems to have direct ties to his major Amirs.[10] The sons of Ghiyath-al-Din Tarkhan, Ali Tarkhan, Hussian Sufi Tarkhan, Sayyid Ahmed, Mohammad Sufi, and Hamza Tarkhans were also prominent in most of Shahrukhs early campaigns.[11]
Babur was a descendent of Timur through his father and Genghis Khan through his mother. He was the eldest son of Umar Sheykh Mirza, ruler of the Fargana Valley, the son of Abu Said Mirza (a grand son of Miran Shah, who was himself the son of Timur) and his wife Qutlugh Nigar Khanum, a daughter of Yunus Khan, the ruler of Moghlistan (and great-great grand son of Tughlugh Timur, the son of Esen Buqa ll who was the great-great-great grand sons of Chaghatai Khan, the second son of Genghis Khan. Tarkhans were also relative of Babur. Sultan Ahmed Mirza was born in 1451 AD, the year in which his father took the thorn of Samarkand. He was Sultan Abu Said Mirza eldest son, his mother was a daughter of Aurdu-Bugha Tarkhan, the elder sister of Darwesh Mohammad Tarkhan and most honoured of Mirza’s wife, Mihr Nigar Khanum. She was Yunus Khan’s eldest daughter and my mother’s full sister. Darwaish Mohammad Khan was another, the son of Aurda Boga Tarkhan and full brother of mother of Sultan Ahmed Mirza and Sultan Mohammad Mirza, of all begs in Sultan Ahmed Mirza presence, he was the greatest and most honoured. Abdul Ali Tarkhan was another, a close relative of Darwesh Muhammad Tarkhan. Tarkhan possessor also of his younger sister, that is to say Baqi Tarkhan’s mother.[12]
The Tarkhan Mughals dynasty of Sindh (Pakistan) who ruled from 1554 to 1591 were descended from Genghis khan, the family tree runs as follows Chengiz Khan ; Tolui; Hulugu; Abagha; Arghun; Gaykhatu; Gazan; Oljeitu (khuda Banda),Amir Elchi, Amir Ektu-Timur.The Tarkhan rulers were descendants of the eldest son of Amir Ektu-timur. General Mirza Isa Beg founded the Tarkhan Dynasty of sindh (Pakistan) after the death of shah Hussan Arghun of the Arghun dynasty. Mughal Emperor Akbar annexed Sindh after defeating the last Tarkhan Ruler.The famous Rulers of the Tarkhan dynasty were; Shah Beg Arghun Tarkhan, Mirza Shah Husan Arghun Tarkhan, Mirza Isa Khan Tarkhan, Mirza Baki Tarkhan, Mirza Isa Tarkhan II.[13]
The name of Genghis Khan was Temujin,which means iron worker.According to Ibn Batutah the Genghis Khan was in his outset a blacksmith in the country of Khita .The historians societies such as GokTurks, Khazars, Oughurs,all were Turkic peoples descended from Ashina Clan, a subtribe of Xiongnu/Hun,they were iron worker and Manufactured weapons.Their rulers adopted the titles Khans, Tarkhan, Khakan Yabghu, Shad etc. We can deduce the fact that the title Tarkhan originally has something with the vocation identitely of Gokturks. Ashina clan the legendary father of the ancient Turkic people were engaged in metal working.Genghis Khan was descended from Oghuz/Oghur Turkic tribe,may be Mongolic because The Oghuz Kagan belonged to Mughal I-Amak, but it is certain that Genghis Khan descended from a Oghuz/oghur tribe, Tarkhan family especially The Ashina Clan (golden family), a sub group of Xiongnu/Hun. They were engaged in metal working. They erected a Foundry for iron work in a mountain called Ergenekon. They were true Mughals and called Arkanakon Smiths.[4]
Link:- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarkhan_Mughals
The Turkic people are a collection of peoples residing in Northern, Central, and Western Eurasia who speak languages belongs to Turkic language family. The term Tarkhan, Turkic represent a broad ethno-linguistic group of people and includes existing societies such as the Kazakhs; Uzbeks; Karghaiz; Uyghur; Turkmen and as well as the historian societies such as Xiongnu/Huns; Gokturk (Turkut people); Khazars; Seljuks; Kepchaks; Ottomans and Timurids. Tarkhan (Tarkhaan or Tarqan) is an ancient Turkic title, apparently related to Khan. It was used among the Turks, Mongols and other steppe people, and was a high rank in the army of Tamerlain. Tarkhan commandered military contingents (roughly of regimantal size under the Khazar Khan) and were roughly generals. They could also be assigned a military governors of conquered regions. Arab text referred to a Tarkhan the King of Khazars. The name is occasionally used today in Arabic speaking countries Tarakhaan (طراخان), in Persian it also written as Tarkhan (ترخان).
Tarkhan is a old Turkic word means Chief or Prince. It is an ancient term for General; Commander and Minister. Tarkhan is a Turkish title for Nobleman or Prince; means a privileged class who are exempt from taxes. The rank and dignity of Tarkhans was a part of Mongol military(4 Barthold W-Turkistan P 184-5 Ain vol 1-P 392).[2] Tarkhan can commit up to nine offenses without being called to account.[3] The meaning of the Tarkhan is; the person so called is secure and safe from all trouble and annoyance, in every place in which he serves whatever booty he may take his own, and he is not deprived of it; he can enter the place of audience of his sovereign without being summoned and without first asking permission and he can commit nine offenses.[4] As for Genghis Khan, some say that he was not a pure Mongol blood. They talk about his cat eyes or Gerfalcon eyes (probably grey), his tall stature(Mongols are generally small and short legs) his long beard(very rare for Mongol) and last but not least, his red hair. We already mentioned that he knew to reward those who had served his faithfully. He buried with honors and riches those of his officers who had showed bravery or efficiency, one of the highest awards was to be promoted to the rank of “Tarkhan”, the means to win over the respect and favorable disposition of a crowd or quite similar every where.[5]
Tarkhan is a Turko-Mongol title like others titles; Khan; Khatun; IlKhan; Amir; Mirza; Beg; Khagan; yabghu; Tegin; Shad; Baghatur. Tarkhan is a title of Turko- Mongol ( Hunnic, Gokturk, Khazar, Uyghur) Rulers. The prominent Turkic Rulers were,Tama-Tarkhan, Ras Tarkhan, Alp Tarkhan, Hazer Tarkhan, Qutlugh Tarkhan Sengun, Tun Bagha Tarkhan etc.. The term Tarkhan was a Mongolic Title conferred by the Tarkhan Chief enjoyed power and privilege next to the great Mongol Khan.[6] Originally, Tarkhan was a term Applied to Mongol nobles.[7] Tarkhan is a Turko-Mongol Tribe. Amir Timur in his Institutes, enumerates twelve of forty Tribes which had submitted to his Government; Barlas, Tarkhan, Arghun, Jalair etc.[8] The title was originally a hereditary one; Chengiz Khan conferred it on the Qishliq and Bata, under Timur, a Tarkhan had free access to the Palace and criminal immunity for himself and his children up to nine offenses.[9]
The Qishliq Tribe was derived from the Kalkits tribe, sprung from Urma-uts Tribe. Kalkits was the third son of Menglig, surname Izka, for his piety and virtue, was of this (Urma-uts) Tribe married the widow Ulun-iga, mother of Temujin. The (Hishlig) who with his brother, Baydu saved the life of Genghis Khan, made them and their decedents, Darkhan from nine generation, free from all sorts of Taxes. The descendants of the Two persons, Hishlig and Badai to were the progenitors of two tribes, styled respectively Badai Darkhan and Qishliq Darkhans [4] So, it is proved that the Tarkhan is a family of Genghis Khan. A follower of Temurs, Ghiyath-al-Din Tarkhans Ancestor Hishiliq (qishliq), had been made a Darkhan by Genghis Khan, and had later been among Chaghadais Amirs. This honor had descended in his family and let them consider prestige. Three of Ghiyath-al-Din daughters married sons or grandsons of Temur, one of them was Gawharshad, Shahrukhs powerful and influential wife. She was conspicuous in public dynasty occasion and as a Patron of architecture. She was an integral part of Shahrukh's closest circle and seems to have direct ties to his major Amirs.[10] The sons of Ghiyath-al-Din Tarkhan, Ali Tarkhan, Hussian Sufi Tarkhan, Sayyid Ahmed, Mohammad Sufi, and Hamza Tarkhans were also prominent in most of Shahrukhs early campaigns.[11]
Babur was a descendent of Timur through his father and Genghis Khan through his mother. He was the eldest son of Umar Sheykh Mirza, ruler of the Fargana Valley, the son of Abu Said Mirza (a grand son of Miran Shah, who was himself the son of Timur) and his wife Qutlugh Nigar Khanum, a daughter of Yunus Khan, the ruler of Moghlistan (and great-great grand son of Tughlugh Timur, the son of Esen Buqa ll who was the great-great-great grand sons of Chaghatai Khan, the second son of Genghis Khan. Tarkhans were also relative of Babur. Sultan Ahmed Mirza was born in 1451 AD, the year in which his father took the thorn of Samarkand. He was Sultan Abu Said Mirza eldest son, his mother was a daughter of Aurdu-Bugha Tarkhan, the elder sister of Darwesh Mohammad Tarkhan and most honoured of Mirza’s wife, Mihr Nigar Khanum. She was Yunus Khan’s eldest daughter and my mother’s full sister. Darwaish Mohammad Khan was another, the son of Aurda Boga Tarkhan and full brother of mother of Sultan Ahmed Mirza and Sultan Mohammad Mirza, of all begs in Sultan Ahmed Mirza presence, he was the greatest and most honoured. Abdul Ali Tarkhan was another, a close relative of Darwesh Muhammad Tarkhan. Tarkhan possessor also of his younger sister, that is to say Baqi Tarkhan’s mother.[12]
The Tarkhan Mughals dynasty of Sindh (Pakistan) who ruled from 1554 to 1591 were descended from Genghis khan, the family tree runs as follows Chengiz Khan ; Tolui; Hulugu; Abagha; Arghun; Gaykhatu; Gazan; Oljeitu (khuda Banda),Amir Elchi, Amir Ektu-Timur.The Tarkhan rulers were descendants of the eldest son of Amir Ektu-timur. General Mirza Isa Beg founded the Tarkhan Dynasty of sindh (Pakistan) after the death of shah Hussan Arghun of the Arghun dynasty. Mughal Emperor Akbar annexed Sindh after defeating the last Tarkhan Ruler.The famous Rulers of the Tarkhan dynasty were; Shah Beg Arghun Tarkhan, Mirza Shah Husan Arghun Tarkhan, Mirza Isa Khan Tarkhan, Mirza Baki Tarkhan, Mirza Isa Tarkhan II.[13]
The name of Genghis Khan was Temujin,which means iron worker.According to Ibn Batutah the Genghis Khan was in his outset a blacksmith in the country of Khita .The historians societies such as GokTurks, Khazars, Oughurs,all were Turkic peoples descended from Ashina Clan, a subtribe of Xiongnu/Hun,they were iron worker and Manufactured weapons.Their rulers adopted the titles Khans, Tarkhan, Khakan Yabghu, Shad etc. We can deduce the fact that the title Tarkhan originally has something with the vocation identitely of Gokturks. Ashina clan the legendary father of the ancient Turkic people were engaged in metal working.Genghis Khan was descended from Oghuz/Oghur Turkic tribe,may be Mongolic because The Oghuz Kagan belonged to Mughal I-Amak, but it is certain that Genghis Khan descended from a Oghuz/oghur tribe, Tarkhan family especially The Ashina Clan (golden family), a sub group of Xiongnu/Hun. They were engaged in metal working. They erected a Foundry for iron work in a mountain called Ergenekon. They were true Mughals and called Arkanakon Smiths.[4]
Link:- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarkhan_Mughals
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